Aspirator pump



Jan. 2, 1945.

'Ji J. MADINE, SR

ASPIRATOR PUMP Filed 'Maron 18, 1945 Patented Jan. 2, 1945 ASPIRATORPUMP John J. Madine, Sr., Vineland, N. J., assignor to Ace GlassIncorporated, Vineland, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey ApplicationMarch 18, 1943, Serial No. 479,657

5v Claims.

This invention relates to aspirator pumps of the type used to producepartial Vacua for any purpose but particularly for use in evacuatingvacuum tubes. A

Another object is to furnish an aspirator pump capable of employingmercury, oil or other vaporizable liquid having suitable vapor pressure,and which liquid is converted to vapor state and the vapor forcedthrough jets at a rapid rate; the rate varying with the dimensions ofthe pump.

Theinvention also consists in other features 'and advantages which willappear from the following description and upon examination of the Idrawing.

The structures containing the invention may partake of different formsthat may be varied in their detail and may be made of various mate.rials, preferably glass. To illustrate a practical application of theinvention, I have selected a pump embodying the invention, as an exampleof the various structures and modifications thereof that contain theinvention, and will describe the selected structure hereinafter, itbeing understood that variations may be made without departing from thespirit of the invention. The particular structure selected, as anexample, is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete pump.

.Figs 2 and 3 are enlarged transverse horizontal sectional views takenon the lines 2-2 and 3-3 respectively of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the vapor jet in the booster sideof the pump.

Referring to the drawing in which the pump is shown as made of glass orany other suitable transparent material, I designates a closed reservoiradapted to contain mercury or any other suitable liquid, and providedwith a domeshaped bottom portion II designed to receive any suitabletype of heating means.

A vapor discharge pipe' I2 rises from the reservoir and is branched toprovide a rst passageway or tube I3, and a second passage-way or tubeI4. These tubes extend upwardly respectively into a first conduit I5anda second conduit I6, the tube I3 rising to a considerably greaterheight than the tube I4. The conduits are the arms of a U-shaped memberI'I and the tubes extend through the bottom of this member, which bottomforms a sump I8 from which condensate lmay be drained through a pipe I9leading back to the tube I2. A trap 20 is preferably interposed in thepipe I9.

The conduit I5 forms the pusher or down-draft side of the pump and issurrounded by a jacket 2| so as toprovide a space22 from which a coolantmay be discharged through a nipple 2,3.

The coolant is introduced into the lowerportion of the space 22 througha pipe 24, leading from. "a space 25 provided by jacket .26. whichsurrounds the conduit I6 of the booster side of the pump. A nipple 21may be arranged at the 'lower end portion of the jacket 26 forintroducing v the coolant. The upper end of the tube I3 isr closed, asindicated at 28'and the wall of the tube'is pro- -vided below this endwith one or more sets of the vapors are directed downwardly. and againstthe cooled wall of the conduit I 5. Obviously such structure will permitdown-draft within the :conduit, and the condensate formed will 'gatherin the sump I8 to be returned tothe reservoir.'l ,V

The conduit I6 is of Venturi shape and the tube I4 terminates yat thethroat 32 thereof. The `end of thetube is obstructed but not closed, bya conical deector 33l (Fig. 4), the largest diameter of which is aboutequal to the outside diameter of the tube I4. This deilector which isarranged rat the throat, extends into the tube andis joined to thelatter by a radially arranged support34. It-directsthe vapors againstthe cooled walls of the conduit I 6, l

The gas which is evacuated is drawn intothe conduit' I5 through a hollowextension 35, connected to the upper end of the conduit by a dome 36. Asimilar dome 3'I. is connected to the top of the conduitl, and adischarge or exhaust pipe 38 is connected to this dome and has an elbowend'39 terminatingwithin .the dome adjacent the side wall thereof.

It will be obvious ,that the elements are.l all fjoined wherenecessary'bygas tight joints.

In operation, mercury or the like in the reservoir III will be heatedandtheresultantvapors from this single reservoir will flow into both tubesI3 and I4. The vapor `discharged. throughlthe holes V29 will be directeddownwardly 'so as :to

condensed in the tube I6 and will flow back to the sump I8.

Persons skilled in the art will readily recognize the utility and methodof utilization of such a pump in the production of partial vacua so itis unnecessary to elaborate further in this connection. They will alsorecognize that any suitable number oil holes 29 and deflectors' 3E maybe arranged in the clown-draftside of the pump. In like manner, theup-draft side of the pump may have more than a single jet if desired.

An important feature of the pump resides in the jets used. These diilerfrom those of prior design in that they producea directed vapor new ofincreased velocity against the. cooled walls, thusincreasing efficiency.These jets areof one general type and two designs, one of which is amodification of the other, The general type is that of two or moreconcentric conicalfshaped deflectors, between which are. Vapor outlets,the conical-shaped pieces directing the ow in the desired manner.. Byvarying the dimensions of these` conical pieces and the distanceseparating them, the velocityV of' flow as well as the direction of nowmay be. controlled to a satisfactory degree.V Other variables are thesize and shape of the4 vapor outlets.4 The fet at the bottom of theup-d'raft side I6 is. a special case of those appearing on thedown-draft side, for while the outside conical piece 33A is. spaced'.from the internal condensing Wall, it is nevertheless a part of theet.yl

It will be recognized that thev conical pieces need not. be. exactlyconcentric, that is to say, the walls of the. cones need not beparallel' in order l.

tol obtain the desiredeffect.` To. further define this type. jet it maybe stated that at least part of one cone should extend into the other.It may be further stated that the shape ofthe deflectors 3U. may behemspherical, pyramidal or the like without departing from theinvention.

By employing a single reservoir and a single drain pipe, I can use. asingle heater for vaporization with resulting economies in theinstallation and manufacture of the pump.

What I claim is:

l. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and tocontain a volatile liquid, a substantially vertically disposed Venturiconduit through which a gas is to be propelled, having an upwardlyflaring portion,

meansfor directly cooling said conduit, a passage-way rising from thereservoir into the conduit and terminating vbelow the throat of theventuri, and, also, below said upwardly flaring portion, meanspositioned at the throat for defl'ecti'ng vapors from the passage-wayagainst the cooled conduit, and means for discharging the condensatefrom the vapors-v from said conduit.

2. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir 'adapted to be. heated andto contain a volatile liquid, a `substanti-'ally vertically disposedVenturf conduit which a gas isv to be propelled, 4having am; upwardlyflaring portion,` -meansfor' cooling said conclut', a. passage-wayrising from the reservoir into: the conduit. and terminating below thethroat of the venturi and, also, below said upwardly flaring portion,means positioned at the. discharge end of the passageway for deectingvapors against the cooled conduit, and means for discharging thecondensate from the vapors from said conduit, said deflecting meanscomprising a substantially bi-conical member extending downwardly intothe discharge end of said passage-way.

3. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and tocontain a volatile liquid, a U-shapedl member forming down-draft andup-draft conduits through which a gas is to be propelled, means forcooling said conduits, another U-shaped member rising from the reservoirand forming passageways discharging into the conduits, the portions ofthe passage-ways which extend into the conduits being spaced from thewalls thereof and having means for discharging jets of vapor into theconduits, deflectors cooperating with the last mentioned means fordirecting` vapors respectively downwardly in the down-draft conduit andupwardly in the updraft conduit and against the cooled conduits, andmeans for discharging condensate from the vapors from saidfirst-mentioned. U-shaped member into the reservoir.

4. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and tocontain a volatile liquid, a U-shaped member forming down-draft andup-draft conduits through which a gas is to be propelled, the 11p-draftconduit'l having a Venturi-shaped portion means for cooling saidconduits, another U-shaped member rising from the reservoir and formingpassageways discharging into the conduits, the portions of thepassageways which extend into the conduits being spaced from the wallsthereof and having' means for discharging jets of vapor into theconduits, the

means for discharging vapors into the up-draft conduit being arrangedbelow the throat of the Venturi, and deflectors cooperating with thelast mentioned means for directing, vapors respectively downwardly inthe down-draft conduit and upwardly in the up-draft conduit and againstthe cooled conduits..

5. An aspirator pump comprising a reservoir adapted to be heated and tocontain a volatile liquid, a U-shaped member positioned above thereservoir and forming down-draft and up-draft conduits through which agas is to be propelled, means for cooling said conduits, another U-shaped member rising from said reservoir and l forming passagewaysdischarging into the conduits, the portions of the passage-Ways whichextend into the conduits being spaced from the walls thereof andprovided with means for discharging vapor into the conduits,deflect-,ors cooperating with the last mentioned means and directingvapors respectively downwardly in the down-draft conduit and upwardly inthe updraft conduit and into contact with the cooled walls thereof, theup-draft conduit being, re-

stricted' at the place where the vapors enter the same and having aportion flaring upwardly from said place, a sump at the bottom. of thefirst-mentioned U-shaped member communicating with the lower ends of theconduits, anda passage-way for returning condensate from the sump to thereservoir.

JOHN J. M'ADINE, SR.'

